Glosar
Glosar.
Glosar al termenilor britanici de plăți cu cardul și finanțare SME în limba română. Fiecare termen include eticheta românească, termenul original englezesc britanic și definiția. Acest glosar este aliniat cu pagina engleză /glossary/ și cu cea poloneză /pl/glossary/. Fiecare termen are link încrucișat la intrarea canonică engleză pentru definiția juridică completă.
- Acquirer / procesator
- EN Acquirer
- EN A UK-licensed institution that settles card transactions into your business bank account. In the UK examples include Worldpay, Barclaycard, takepayments, Dojo. SumUp, Zettle, Square are payment facilitators (different licence).
- Facilitator de plăți (PayFac)
- EN Payment facilitator (PayFac)
- EN A UK-licensed entity that aggregates many small merchants under one master acquiring relationship. Faster onboarding (often same day), simpler pricing, but typically slightly higher transaction fees than a direct acquirer. SumUp, Zettle, Square, Stripe.
- Avans din încasări (MCA)
- EN Merchant cash advance (MCA)
- EN A lump sum advance repaid as a fixed percentage of your daily card takings. Typical term 6-18 months. Outside the FCA perimeter for limited companies (inside for sole traders under £25k).
- Prețuri interchange-plus
- EN Interchange-plus pricing
- EN A pricing model where the acquirer charges you the raw card-scheme interchange fee plus a transparent fixed margin. The opposite is blended pricing (one rate covers all card types). Interchange-plus is usually cheaper at volume, harder to compare at low volume.
- Registrul britanic al companiilor (Companies House)
- EN Companies House
- EN The UK government register of all incorporated companies. Every UK Ltd has a unique 8-character company number. Banks, acquirers, and lenders verify your business identity through Companies House before opening any account or facility.
- FCA, autoritatea britanică de reglementare financiară
- EN FCA (Financial Conduct Authority)
- EN The UK regulator for financial services. Lenders to consumers and sole traders under £25k must be FCA-authorised. Lending to UK limited companies is largely outside the FCA perimeter by design, this is not a warning, it is the structure of UK commercial lending.
- Chargeback (debitare retroactivă)
- EN Chargeback
- EN When a cardholder disputes a transaction and the card scheme reverses the funds from your bank account. You can defend a chargeback with evidence. Persistent chargeback ratios above 1% can suspend your merchant account.
- Tap to Pay pe iPhone
- EN Tap to Pay on iPhone
- EN A feature that turns an iPhone into a card terminal, no separate device needed. Available in the UK via SumUp, Stripe, Square, and Tap on Phone partners. Accepts contactless Visa, Mastercard, Amex, Apple Pay, Google Pay.
- Bounce Back Loan (BBL)
- EN Bounce Back Loan (BBL)
- EN UK government-backed COVID-era loan scheme. Closed to new applications. Refinancing an existing BBL onto a commercial facility is possible with the right lender, particularly when interest-only term ends.
- Pre-settled status (statut de rezident temporar)
- EN Pre-settled status
- EN A UK immigration status for EU citizens with under 5 years UK residence. Most UK SME lenders accept pre-settled status holders as directors provided the company has 6+ months UK trading. A minority require settled status.
- Factoring / finanțare facturi
- EN Invoice finance
- EN A facility that advances cash against unpaid B2B invoices, usually 70-90% of invoice value within 24 hours, balance on customer payment minus a fee. Two variants: factoring (lender collects from your customer) and invoice discounting (you collect, customer never sees lender).
- PSD2 / autentificare puternică a clienților (SCA)
- EN PSD2 / Strong Customer Authentication (SCA)
- EN UK and EU regulation requiring 2-factor authentication on most online card transactions over £30. Adds a 3D Secure step (PIN or biometric). Reduces fraud but adds checkout friction. Exemptions exist for low-value, recurring, and trusted-merchant transactions.
- (nu se aplică în UK / not applicable in UK)
- EN BLIK
- EN A Polish mobile payment scheme (in-app code authentication). Not currently supported in-store by any UK acquirer. Polish customers in the UK pay with their Polish Visa/Mastercard or Apple Pay / Google Pay backed by a PL card.
De ce publicăm acest glosar
Vocabularul financiar românesc nu se mapează 1:1 pe cel britanic. "Merchant cash advance" în limba română este "avans din încasări", dar portalurile financiare folosesc frecvent abrevierea "MCA". "Factoring" în română acoperă atât factoring cât și invoice discounting, dar termenul britanic "invoice discounting" se traduce ca "finanțare facturi fără notificare". Stabilirea acestor traduceri aici garantează că toate paginile de comparație Kartapay folosesc aceeași definiție.
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